Kogei What the listing does not tell you
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砥石の番手

What the grit number on a whetstone does not tell you

The grit number on a Japanese whetstone is not a measurement you can compare across makers. There is no dominant standard behind it.

Does this apply to yours?If you are comparing two stones by their numbers alone — a #1000 against another #1000 — you are comparing two claims that were not made against the same yardstick.

Why the number is not a measurement

Wikipedia’s article on sharpening stones states the problem plainly: there is no dominant standard for the relationship between grit size and particle diameter. Part of the reason is that “grit size” is used to describe the smoothness of the finish a stone produces, not only how large its particles are. The finish also depends on the shape of the abrasive particles, how much of each is exposed by the binder, whether they fracture into smaller ones under pressure, their hardness, and what they are made of.

So two stones stamped with the same number can cut differently, and a number from one maker does not transfer to another. What does transfer is the rough progression: around 200 for reshaping a damaged edge, around 500 for producing a sharp one, 1000–2000 for an edge finer than most factory edges, and 4000 and up for polishing. Those are the figures the same article gives, and they are the level of precision the number can actually support.

Natural stones do not have a number at all

Natural Japanese stones are a separate case again: they are classed as ara-to (rough), naka-to (medium) and shiage-to (finishing), and converting those classes to a grit number is difficult because the classes are broad and a natural stone has no inherent grit number at all. A natural stone sold with a number attached has been assigned one by somebody.

What to actually buy

For a single-bevel Japanese knife the usual starting pair is a 1000-grit stone to sharpen and a 3000-grit to polish; Japanese Knife Lab recommends exactly that pair from the start for yanagiba, with 6000 and above as an optional mirror finish. Buy the pair rather than one stone: a fine stone alone cannot restore an edge, and a coarse stone alone leaves it rough.

How these pages are put together. Written in Japan by an engineer — twenty years in manufacturing, in metal, surfaces and finishing. That is the whole of the expertise claimed here: it is why these guides care which material and which millimetre, and it is not the same thing as being a craftsman or a tea specialist. We do not own or test the pieces described here — the facts are compiled from makers, specialist retailers and published sources, and every one is listed at the foot of the page so you can check it yourself. Where sources disagree, the page says so rather than picking the tidier number. Makers do change specifications, so confirm against the listing or the manual before buying. If something here is wrong, tell us and it gets corrected.

Where to look

Read the number as a band rather than a figure, and compare stones within one maker rather than across makers. If a listing gives a grit number and nothing else — no maker, no indication of whether the stone is synthetic or natural, no statement of what it is for — it has told you less than it appears to. The pairing matters more than the precision: a stone to sharpen and a stone to finish.

There is no shop link on this page. The honest version of the advice above is “buy a 1000 and a 3000 from the same maker”, and which maker is exactly the judgement this site cannot make without owning and using the stones. The knife guide it follows from is linked below.

Sources The other guides

鉄瓶と鉄急須

Tetsubin or tetsu-kyusu?

One boils water and gives you iron. Putting the other on heat cracks its lining for good.

土鍋の目止め

The step before a new donabe cooks anything

Unglazed clay is porous until rice starch seals it — one simmer, once.

漆器の手入れ

What destroys lacquerware

Dishwasher, microwave, sunlight. All normal, all irreversible on urushi.

片刃と利き手

A single-bevel knife is made for one hand

Ground on one side only. The wrong side does not cut badly — it does not work.

土鍋とIH

Why a donabe does nothing on induction

Induction heats metal, not clay. Most donabe never get warm — and cannot be converted.

熊野筆の毛

Goat hair or synthetic, for a Kumano brush

Not a quality ladder. Natural hair holds powder; synthetic is built for cream and liquid.

茶筅の穂数

A matcha whisk is one piece of bamboo

Carved from a single piece, so a snapped tine is not a repair. The tine count is a spec, not a score.

錆と経年変化

Rust or patina: which one are you looking at

One protects the blade, the other eats it. Scrubbing the wrong one leaves the knife worse off.

三徳・牛刀・菜切

Santoku, gyuto, bunka, nakiri — and which is handed

Two of these are the same knife. And a nakiri suits either hand; the usuba it resembles does not.

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